非对称面电极硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计

针对金属-半导体-金属(MSM)光电探测器暗电流抑制的机理,本文提出了一种具有非对称面电极结构的硅基锗MSM光电探测器的设计方法,利用ATLAS仿真软件分析了电极结构参数对暗电流的影响,并通过实验得出样品器件的暗电流降低至微安量级。实验结果表明,采用非对称面电极结构设计可以有效抑制硅基锗MSM光电探测器的暗电流,提高器件性能。     

Concept and demonstration of an intermediate band tandem device for solar energy conversion

We have realized a tandem solar cell design that combines a pin‐junction with a photovoltaic intersubband absorber. This concept allows harvesting light in the visible range and the near‐ and mid‐infrared at the same time, and theoretically, energy conversion efficiencies beyond the Shockley–Queisser‐limit could be achieved. A test structure was grown, and the operation of this concept could be confirmed, in principal with an optical two‐beam experiment. The basic characteristics of the device can be explained with an equivalent circuit design that consists of three individual cells, and we find an obvious analogy to the concept of the intermediate band solar cell with noteworthy advantages at some points. Our results show, that for a working device it is crucial to adjust the properties of the photovoltaic intersubband absorber for optimal charge separating performance at the working point of the solar cell. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

UV混杂固化硅氧烷改性水性PUA/邻甲酚醛环氧树脂的制备

制备了水性邻甲酚醛环氧树脂(o-CFER)和聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA),研究了γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂KH560对紫外光-阳离子混杂固化PUA/o-CFER热固性树脂热性能的影响,并用动态力学谱仪和热重分析仪进行了表征。结果表明:PUA/o-CFER体系相容性很好,KH560用量占总质量的6%时,PUA/o-CFER热固性树脂的玻璃化转变温度达125.9℃;当KH560用量占总质量的8%时,PUA/o-CFER热固性树脂热降解所需活化能最高为41.41 kJ/mol,反应级数为1.54;固化后树脂涂膜的硬度达4 H,冲击强度达50 kg·cm,并具有良好的附着力。     

夫西地酸生产菌复合诱变育种及发酵培养基的优化研究

利用常压室温等离子体射流诱变和紫外照射对夫西地酸生产菌株进行复合诱变,得到3株产量明显提高的突变菌株,3株菌的平均发酵效价较出发菌株提高14%;然后,采用均匀设计实验对其中发酵效价提高最多的AU-37菌株的发酵培养基碳、氮源进行了优化,得到适合该菌株的发酵培养基优化配方为:糊精1.86%、花生饼粉2.5%、蛋白胨0.3%、氯化铵0.5%、七水合硫酸镁0.3%、硫酸钾0.6%、碳酸钙1%、pH值7.2,在优化的发酵培养基中,AU-37菌株摇瓶发酵效价较出发菌株提高33.8%,为工业化生产奠定了基础。     

极紫外相机电控单元的设计与实现

为了实现对极紫外相机控制及管理功能,设计并实现了一种基于FPGA的电控单元。该系统以FPGA为核心,经过RS-422接口与信号处理子系统进行通讯,通过LVDS接口接收信号处理子系统发送的科学数据,与CPU之间通过数据总线进行通讯。为了提高电控单元的可靠性,在设计过程中采用了抗辐照设计和交叉备份的冗余设计。通过极紫外相机电控单元的测试和试验验证表明:极紫外相机电控单元的功能和性能满足指标要求,为极紫外相机在轨取得圆满成功的结果起到了重要作用。     

紫外非线性光学晶体分子设计

紫外非线性光学晶体对全固态激光器的发展起着举足轻重的作用,对性能优秀的紫外非线性光学晶体的探索是光电功能材料领域的研究热点.如何在种类繁多的晶体材料中高效地搜索并获得结构优化的紫外非线性光学晶体,是当前该领域研究的关键问题.对非线性光学材料构效关系研究的发展历史进行了回顾,重点介绍了阴离子基团理论以及第一性原理方法在新型紫外非线性光学材料探索中的重要应用.材料计算模拟方法不仅能够较准确地预测紫外非线性光学晶体的关键光学参数,并可以定量和直观地分析其与晶体结构特征之间的内在关系.通过将理论模拟与结构搜索、化学合成、粉末倍频效应测试、单晶生长等实验手段紧密结合,建立了快速高效的非线性光学材料分子设计专家系统.具体的科研数据及成果显示,发展和完善这一基于分子工程学基础的专家系统,将能加快非线性光学晶体的研究步伐,提升其自主创新水平.     

A Versatile Buffer Layer for Polymer Solar Cells: Rendering Surface Potential by Regulating Dipole

Spin‐coated film of poly(vinylidenefluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF‐HFP)) acts as a cathode/anode buffer layer in polymer solar cells (PSCs) with conventional/inverted device structures. Such devices show optimized performances comparable with the controlled device, making P(VDF‐HFP) a good substitute for LiF/MoO₃ as a cathode/anode buffer layer. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Kelvin force microscope (KFM) measurements show that increased surface potential of active layers improves cathode contact. In piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) measurement, P(VDF‐HFP) responds to applied bias in phase curve, showing tunable dipole. This tunable dipole renders surface potential under applied bias. As a result, open‐circuit voltage of devices alters instantly with poling voltage. Moreover, positive poling of P(VDF‐HFP) together with simultaneous oxidation of Ag gradually improves performance of inverted structure device. Integer charge transfer (ICT) model elucidates improved electrode contacts by dipole tuning, varying surface potential and vacuum level shift. Understanding the function of dipole makes P(VDF‐HFP) a promising and versatile buffer layer for PSCs.     

紫外-真空紫外光谱反射率测试系统

为获取紫外 真空紫外光学元件的光谱反射率,构建了一套反射率测试系统。该反射率测试系统主要由Seya Namioka紫外 真空紫外单色仪、样品精密转台为主体的光机结构和电子学系统组成。首先,介绍了系统测量原理,采用双光路补偿法消除了光源随时间的飘移,通过改变系统光路进行两次测量来获取反射光与入射光数据,进而得到光谱反射率。接着对电子学硬件系统进行描述,给出了驱动控制单元与信号处理采集单元的硬件设计与组成。因紫外 真空紫外光谱信号微弱,采用了锁相放大的方法提高了测量精度。该反射率测试系统测试结果表明波长重复性0.05 nm,反射率测量重复精度为1.8%,系统功能完备稳定性好,能够实现对光学元件的高精度测量。     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and UV Irradiation Shielding Per- formances of Nanometer Cerium (IV) Oxide Thin Films

以硝酸铈和尿素为原料,采用水热合成法在玻璃基底上制备了具有高反射率和良好抗紫外性能的Ce O2薄膜,并采用SEM、XRD、FT-IR、椭圆偏振仪和UV-vis对薄膜和同时制备的粉体进行了表征,研究了Ce(Ⅲ)浓度和尿素加入量对薄膜的影响。结果表明,当Ce(Ⅲ)浓度和尿素加入量较小时,薄膜光滑且沉积颗粒较小,沉积颗粒是Ce O2和Ce(CO3)2O·H2O晶体,且玻璃基底中的Si参与了水热反应。薄膜致密度和化学组成影响其反射率,随着Ce(Ⅲ)浓度和尿素加入量增加,由于薄膜厚度和半导体复合的影响,其吸光度和吸收边波长增大,最佳的Ce(Ⅲ)浓度是0.008 mol/L,尿素加入量是0.06 g。